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Researchers from the Wroclaw Medical University in Poland are exploring the use of SIS for neuro-regenerative applications

A neural cell line derived from the neural crest tissue of a rat (PC-12 cells) was used to demonstrate that SIS has potential for repairing nerve tissue.
The German Trauma Registry records that approximately 3.3% of all trauma patients have concomitant peripheral nerve injuries.1 Similar rates are found around the globe.2 Most patients with peripheral nerve injuries experience a substantial loss of function, with some 30% of German patients who suffer from work-related traumatic nerve injuries ending up with permanent disabilities.3
A team from Wroclaw Medical University in Poland examined the effects of small intestinal submucosa (SIS) on PC-12 cells, a rat cell line that models neuronal cells.4 Researchers described an increase in proliferation of PC-12 cells when cultured with SIS and a preference for growing on SIS compared to a collagen-coated surface. Previous work has demonstrated that extracts of SIS can stimulate PC-12 cells to differentiate and grow neurite-like extensions.5 Clinical use of SIS for soft-tissue repair, such as bladder augmentation, has demonstrated the growth of neurons in repaired tissue.6 Together, these findings suggest that SIS holds potential for repairing peripheral nerve tissue.
1Huckhagel T, Nüchtern J, Regelsberger J, Lefering R, TraumaRegister DGU. Nerve injury in severe trauma with upper extremity involvement: evaluation of 49,382 patients from the TraumaRegister DGU® between 2002 and 2015. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2018;26(1):76.

2Noble J, Munro CA, Prasad VS, Midha R. Analysis of upper and lower extremity peripheral nerve injuries in a population of patients with multiple injuries. J Trauma. 1998;45(1):116–122.

3Bergmeister KD, Große-Hartlage L, Daeschler SC, et al. Acute and long-term costs of 268 peripheral nerve injuries in the upper extremity. PLoS One. 2020;15(4):e0229530.

4Gębczak K, Wiatrak B, Fortuna W. Evaluation of the PC12 cells’ proliferation, adhesion and migration with the use of an extracellular matrix (CorMatrix) for application in neural tissue engineering. Materials. 2021;14(14):3858.

5Nihsen ES, Johnson CE, Hiles MC. Bioactivity of small intestinal submucosa and oxidized regenerated cellulose/collagen. AdvSkinWound Care. 2008;21(10):479–486.

6Caione P, Boldrini R, Salerno A, Nappo SG. Bladder augmentation using acellular collagen biomatrix: a pilot experience in exstrophic patients. Ped Surg Int. 2012;28(4):421–428.